Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition where bones become weaker and more porous over time. This happens when old bone is removed faster than new bone can be formed to replace it.
Some key points about decreased bone density:
People with decreased bone density are at higher risk for fractures and breaks, especially in the wrist, hip, and spine. These fractures can cause long-term disability and loss of independence. They may occur from minor traumas like falling from standing height or less.
Diagnosing decreased bone density involves a bone mineral density (BMD) test, such as a DXA scan. This looks at bone thickness in different parts of the skeleton. The results are used to calculate a T-score, which compares the patient's bone density versus peak density.
Based on the T-score, decreased bone density falls into categories:
Treating decreased bone density focuses on preventing further bone loss. Recommendations include:
With proper treatment and preventative steps, patients with decreased bone density can lower their fracture risks and maintain better bone health. Acting quickly after diagnosis leads to the best outcomes.