Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism is a condition in which the body doesn't produce enough sex hormones. There are two main types of hypogonadism:
- Primary hypogonadism occurs when there is a problem with the sex glands. In males, this refers to the testes. In females, this refers to the ovaries. Primary means the problem starts in these organs.
- Secondary hypogonadism indicates there is an issue with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus. These areas of the brain signal the sex glands to produce hormones. If they don't work properly, hormone levels can get too low. Secondary means the problem is with the signals from the brain.
Symptoms vary depending on the age when hypogonadism develops. Some potential symptoms include:
- Low sex drive
- Erectile dysfunction
- Reduced facial or body hair
- Loss of muscle mass
- Development of breast tissue
- Infertility or irregular periods
What causes hypogonadism?
Some potential causes include:
- Genetic mutations - Issues with genes can prevent proper development and function.
- Injury or infection - Damage to the reproductive organs or pituitary gland.
- Chemotherapy or radiation - Cancer treatments can impair function.
- Autoimmune problems - Diseases causing the body to attack itself.
- Age-related changes - Hormone levels decline, especially in males as they get older.
How is hypogonadism diagnosed?
A diagnosis often starts with blood tests measuring hormone levels. A doctor will check testosterone levels in males or estrogen/progesterone levels in females. Results outside the normal range indicate hypogonadism.
Further testing can help pinpoint the exact cause and type of hypogonadism. For example, genetic testing, MRI scans to view the pituitary gland, ultrasounds or biopsies of the reproductive organs.
How is hypogonadism treated?
Treatment aims to replace missing hormones. Options may include:
- Testosterone replacement via injections, gels or patches
- Estrogen and progesterone therapy for females
- Fertility medications to help conceive
- Surgery may be able to repair damage in some cases
The outlook depends on the underlying cause and severity of hormone deficiency. With prompt treatment, many effects of hypogonadism can be reversed or managed effectively. Catching it early leads to better long-term results.
For more information, consult with the experts at Revive Health & Wellness.